In May 2021, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released their decennial U.S. Climate Normals data, which provides data on typical climate conditions for locations all over the U.S. The conclusions of the data are clear: in recent years, much of the United States has grown both warmer and wetter on average.

These findings are unsurprising at this point, based on what we know about the long-running trend of climate change. Increased emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide through the use of fossil fuels have caused earth’s atmosphere to retain more heat, and warmer air is often wetter air: for each degree of warming, the air’s capacity to hold water vapor increases by about 7%.

Together, warmer and wetter air produce more extreme weather events. 2019 was the wettest year in the U.S. since 1973 and saw 14 weather and climate disasters that had losses exceeding $1 billion each. In 2020, that number grew to 22—a new record, topping the previous record of 16 set in 2011 and tied in 2017.

Last year, the US endured more billion-dollar wet weather events than ever before

For wet weather, these disasters often take the form of tropical cyclones, severe storms, and flooding. The past decade or so has seen a dramatic increase in the number and severity of these events. Between 1980 and 2008, the number of billion-dollar wet weather disasters exceeded five in only two years, 1992 and 1998. Since 2008, every year has had more than five disasters. And the costs have increased accordingly, with the five-year average reaching a peak of $106 billion in 2020.

Over the last century, the U.S. has gotten warmer and wetter

Historical data shows how rapidly this trend has emerged. Temperature and precipitation data dating back 120 years reveals that much of the increase for both measures has taken place just in the last three decades. Temperatures in the contiguous U.S. are more than 1 degree higher on average since 1995 compared to the 1901–2000 mean. Precipitation levels show much more variance year-to-year, but have gradually trended upwards compared to the historical record in recent years.

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Southern states get significantly more summer rain than western states



Some regions experience the effects of these trends disproportionately based on geographic and environmental factors. Much of the western U.S. is desert, where warming trends have made the region more arid, whereas the southeast is warm and humid and has gotten wetter over time.

The regional differences are especially stark around this time of year as spring transitions into summer. During the three-month period from May to July (historically, the nation’s rainiest three-month period), regular summer rains drench many states in the South, led by Florida, which experiences more than 6 inches of precipitation per month on average. In contrast, Western states like California, Nevada, and Arizona see less than an inch per month over the same period.

These trends are similar at the local level, with most of the cities that get the most summer rain being found in the South and Midwest. To find the locations that get the most rain from May to July, researchers at Porch analyzed the recently updated 1991–2020 Climate Normals dataset from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information. For each location, Porch calculated the historical average monthly precipitation, the 2020 average monthly precipitation, and the historical average maximum temperature, all between May and July.

Only cities with available data from NOAA were included. Additionally, cities were grouped into the following population size cohorts to improve relevance: small (0–99,999), midsize (100,000–349,999), and large (350,000+). Here are the cities that get the most summer rain.

The small & midsize cities that get the most summer rain

Large cities that get the most summer rain

Skyline and park, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

15. Columbus, OH

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.33
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.10
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -0.23
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 80.6°F

 

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New York City Skyline on the East River with Brooklyn Bridge at sunset
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

14. New York, NY

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.37
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 3.33
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -1.04
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 78.7°F

Downtown skyline at twilight. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

13. Oklahoma City, OK

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.46
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.68
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +0.22
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 86.5°F

Skyline on the river. Louisville, Kentucky, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

12. Louisville, KY

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.50
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.83
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +1.33
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 84.2°F

Skyline of downtown Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

11. Nashville, TN

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.51
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 3.49
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -1.02
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 86.3°F

Downtown city skyline at dusk. Memphis, Tennessee, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

10. Memphis, TN

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.69
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 2.36
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -2.33
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 87.7°F

Downtown city skyline at dusk. Wichita, Kansas, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

9. Wichita, KS

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.69
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 3.58
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -1.11
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 86.0°F

Downtown Tulsa from Centennial Park in Oklahoma
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

8. Tulsa, OK

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.71
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 3.85
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -0.86
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 87.2°F

Skyline over Monument Circle. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

7. Indianapolis, OK

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 4.71
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.50
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +0.79
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 80.2°F

Downtown skyline. Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

6. Kansas City, MO

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.05
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.21
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +0.16
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 82.5°F

Downtown city skyline. Houston, Texas, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

5. Houston, TX

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.37
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 6.66
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +1.29
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 89.9°F

Panoramic view of Tampa Downtown and I4 Highway. Tampa Bay, Florida.
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

4. Tampa, FL

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.91
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 3.83
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -2.08
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 89.9°F

Jacksonville Sunset skyline
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

3. Jacksonville, FL

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.93
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 5.72
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: -0.21
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 89.2°F

Jackson Square. New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

2. New Orleans, LA

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 6.68
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 11.25
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +4.57
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 88.9°F

 

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Miami, Florida skyline at Biscayne Bay.
Photo Credit: Alamy Stock Photo

1. Miami, FL

  • Historical average monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 8.06
  • 2020 monthly precipitation in inches (May–July): 12.09
  • 2020 difference from average in inches: +4.03
  • Historical average max temperature (May–July): 88.9°F

Methodology & detailed findings

To find the locations that get the most summer rain, researchers analyzed the latest 1991–2020 Climate Normals dataset from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information. Locations were ordered based on the average monthly precipitation between May and July (historically the nation’s rainiest three-month period). In the event of a tie, the location with greater precipitation in 2020 was ranked higher. Only cities and states with available data from NOAA were included. To improve relevance, cities were grouped into the following size cohorts: small (0–99,999), midsize (100,000–349,999), and large (350,000+).